What is the primary outcome of continental-continental convergence?

The primary outcome of continental-continental convergence is the creation of huge mountain ranges. When two continental plates collide, neither plate is subducted due to their buoyancy. Instead, they crumple and fold, leading to significant geological uplift. This process results in the formation of extensive mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas, which were created from the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates. The immense forces involved in this convergence can also produce thickened crust, which contributes further to the height and mass of these mountains. Other outcomes, such as volcanic activity and trenches, are more commonly associated with oceanic-continental or oceanic-oceanic plate interactions rather than continental-continental convergence.